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A.' HAMILTON.

HAND PUMP.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.,

ALEXANDER HAMILTON, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

HAND-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 246,880, datedSeptember 13, 1881.

' Applicationfled October 1,1880. (Model) To all whom it may-concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER HAMILTON, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hand-Pumps,of which the following is a specification.

Figure l is a side elevation of the improvement, partly in section. Fig.2 is a sectional elevation of the upper valve and the parts of thecylinders with which it is connected, enlarged.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

rIhe object of this invention is to furnish hand or portable pumps forsprinkling plants l and trees with water or other liquid, for puttingout fires, washing carriages, windows, and sidewalks, and for otherpurposes, so constructed that it can be adjusted to throw a jet, aspray, both a jet anda spray, and to shut off the water.

A represents a hose, to one end of which is attached a small filter orscreen, B, to prevent impurities from being drawn into the pump andclogging the valves. The other end of the hose A is attached to a nippleformed upon the cap O, screwed upon the end ofthe outer Ypump-cylinder,D, forming a valve-chamber.

Within the cap or valve-chamber@ is placed a valve, E, opening upward toadmit water to the pump, and to prevent the water from being forced backinto the reservoir. The valve E is kept in line by its stem passingthrough a bar or, perforated plate placed in the upper part of thechamber O, and is held down toits seat, except when forced upward by thepressure of the entering water, by a spring placed upon its stem andinterposed between the said valve and its guide-bar.

Within the cylinder D is placed a cylinder, F, of such a size that thecapacity of the said cylinder F shall beequal to the capacity of the ring-space or water-chamber f between the two cylinders D F. The innercylinder, F, is made to work watertight through the forward end of theouter cylinder, D, by a stuffing-box, G, attached to the end of the saidcylinder D.

To the inner end of the inner cylinder, F, is secured, by a screw, pin,or rivet, H, a cap, I, having a tube or hollow neck, J, upon its lowerpart. The cap I is made of such a size that the water will have a freepassage-way between it and the outer cylinder, l). To the end of theneck J of the cap I is attached, or upon it is formed, the bottom of awater-way cup, K,which bottom has a number of apertures, L,formedthrough it, around the end'of the neck J, the combined area of whichapertures L is equal to the area of the cavity of the neck J of the capI, so that the amount of water that passes through the neck J into thecylinderF will be equal to the amount of water that passes through theapertures L into the space or water-chamber between the cylinders D F.rlhe lower part of the cup K is made smaller than the upper part, andupon the outer surface of the said `smaller part is formed ascrew-thread, g, to t into a screw-thread, h, cutin the inner surface ofthe sides of the valve-chamber M. In the bottom ofthe chamber M isformed an aperture, the sides of which are beveled to form a seat forthe Valve N. The valve N is kept in line by its stem, which passesthrough a guide-hole in a bar attached to the watenway cup K, and isheld closed, except when opened by the pressure of the water, by aspring placed upon the valve-stein between the valve and the guide-har.

rlhe cap I and the water-way cup K and the valve-chamber M are centeredin the cylinder D by ring-flangesformed upon them, and which tit againstthe inner surface ot' the said cylinder D, and are made to workwater-tight by a packing, O, clamped against the bottom of the chamber Mby a plate, P, secured to the said bottom by screws.

With this construction, when the inner cylinder, F, is drawn outward thetendency is to form a vacuum in the lower part of the outer cylinder, D,which causes the air-pressure upon the surface of the water in thereservoir to force the water through the hose A, causing the water toopen the valve E and pass into and till the cylinder D. As theinnercylinder, F,is forced inward the pressure upon the water thus producedcloses the valve E, opens the valve N, and causes the water to pass intoand fill the inner cylinder, F, and the space or water-chamber betweenthe cylinders D F. As the inner cylinder, F, is again drawn outward thewater again opens the valve E and lls the cylinder D, and the waterbetween the cylin- TOO ders D F is forced through the apertures L andneck J into the cylinder F, forcing the water already in the saidcylinder F out at the upper end ot' the said cylinder F, producing adischarge. As the inner cylinder, F, is again forced inward the pressureupon the water in the cylinder D closesV the valve E and forces thewater through the valve N into the space or water-chamber between thecylinders D F, filling it, and into the inner cylinder, F, forcing thewater already in the cylinder F out through the upper end of the saidcylinder F, again producing a discharge. This construction causes thepump to throw a continuous stream, or makes it double-acting.

I am aware that a portable force-pump has heretofore been constructed ofan outer barrel having valves at its lower end and inclosed by anexterior casin g to form a water-chamber, a hollow rod or tube beingarranged within the outer barrel and working through a stuffingboX atthe end thereof, the inner end of said hollow rod or tube beingcontracted to form a tubular neck, on which is arranged amovable piston,said neck being perforated to admit water between theouter barrel andthe hollow rod or tube, the said piston being arranged to slide on thecontracted neck to alternately open and close the perforations thereinas the piston is raised and lowered, as in United States Patent No.199,380; but such structure is not claimed by me, and does notconstitute my invention, an important feature of which consists inproviding apiston which is fixed in relation to the inner cylinder, andin so arranging the apertures which connect the valve-chamber and theintervening space between the inner and outer cylinders that they remainpermanently or at all times open for the passage of water; and, further,in so constructing and arranging the apertures around t-he neck whichconnects with the innercylinder that the combined area of said aperturesis equal to the passage through said neck, so that equal amounts ofwater pass through the apertures and through the neck, and thereby equalamounts ot' water will be ejected through the inner cylinder at bothstrokes of the piston.

Having thus fully described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In a portablehand-pump, the combina tion, with the outer cylinder, D, havinga valve,E, and the inner cylinder, F, passing through a stufng-box, G, andarranged to provide the intervening water-space, of the cap I, rigidlyattached to the end of the inner cylinder and having a contracted neck,J, the cup K, attached to said neck and having in its top a series ofapertures, L, arranged around the neck, and which remain permanentlyopen for the passage of water, and the valve-'chamber connected to thecup and containing a springvalve and formed at one end into a piston,all substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the outer and inner cylinders arranged toprovide the intervening water-spacef, of the cap I, having thecontracted tubular neck J,communicating with the inner cylinder, the cupK, having a series ot' apertures, L, arranged around the neck, and whichremain permanently open for the passage of water to the space f, and thevalvechamber M, containing a valve, N, and constructedwith arigidpiston,the combined area ot` the said apertures L heilig equal to the passagethrough the tubular neck J, as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The combination, with the outer cylinder, D, having a valve, E,at itslower end, and the inner cylinder, F, arranged to provide the intervening spacef, of the cap I, rigidly attached to the end ot' the innercylinder and having a contracted neck, J, the cup K, attached to saidneck and constructed with aseries ot' apertures, L, 'arranged around theneck, and which remain permanently open for the passage of water to thespacef, the valve-chamber M, connected with the said cup and providedwith a valve, N, and a xed piston, the valve-chamber and cup beingprovided with riiig-tlanges to center them in the outer cylinder, allsubstantially as herein described.

ALEXANDER HAMILTON.

Witnesses:

JAMES T. GRAHAM, C. SEDGWIGK.

